Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder that results in disproportionately short legs compared to body length, giving an overall dwarfed appearance. It is caused by a mutation in the gene that regulates bone growth in the cartilage of long bones.
For Example:
Breeds purposefully bred for an achondroplastic “dwarfed” look include the Dachshund, Basset Hound, Corgi, and certain terrier breeds. While intentionally selected for in these breeds, achondroplasia can occur as an unintentional mutation in other breeds as well.
Dogs with achondroplasia have shortened skull bases and may experience complications like intervertebral disk disease, respiratory issues, and abnormal gait or mobility problems. Responsible breeders screen for and try to avoid proliferating this mutation outside the approved dwarf breeds.
Etymology: The term “achondroplasia” comes from the Greek roots “a” meaning lack of, “chondro” meaning cartilage formation, and “plasia” meaning growth/formation – referring to the lack of normal cartilage growth.